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''Russian Life'', previously known as ''The USSR'' and ''Soviet Life'', is a 64-page color bimonthly magazine of Russian culture. It celebrated its 50th birthday in October 2006. The magazine is written and edited by American and Russian staffers and freelancers. While its distant heritage is as a "polite propaganda" tool of the Soviet and Russian government, since 1995 it has been privately owned and published by a US company, Russian Information Services. ==History== In October 1956, a new English language magazine, ''The USSR'', appeared on newsstands in major US cities. Given the level of anti-communist sentiment at the time, it would hardly have seemed an auspicious name under which to launch such a magazine title. The publication was edited by Enver Mamedov (born 1923), a polyglot native of Baku, who had the distinction of being one of the youngest Soviet diplomats when he was appointed the press secretary of the Soviet Embassy in Italy in 1943, and who had been the handler of the Soviet prosecutors' star witness, Friedrich Paulus, at the Nuremberg trials.〔("Я не совершал больших подвигов" ) ("I did no great feats"), interview with Enver Nazimovich Mamedov. "Broadcasting. Телевидение и радиовещание", No. 4, 2005 〕〔(Энвер Мамедов: война и наша Победа - самые значимые для меня события. Сюжет: 85 лет легендарному журналисту Энверу Мамедову ) (Enver Mamedov: "The war and our Victory are the most important events in life". Topic: 85th birthday of the legendary journalist Enver Mamedov)〕〔(Museum of Radio and Television ) 〕 Meanwhile, at newsstands in Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev and other Soviet cities, ''Amerika'' magazine made its second debut. Amerika had been inaugurated in 1944, but in late 1940s the State Department began to feel that radio and the Voice of America would be more effective propaganda tools and, in 1952, publication of ''Amerika'' was suspended.〔Walter L. Hixson: Parting the Curtain: Propaganda, Culture, and the Cold War, 1945-1961 (McMillan 1997), pp. 32, 117〕 However, in 1956, the American and Soviet governments agreed to exchange magazines and ''Amerika'' was reborn and published in return for distribution of ''The USSR'' in the United States. The simultaneous appearance of these magazines was the result of an intergovernmental agreement, one among several cross-cultural agreements designed to sow trust amidst the rancor of international politics. Still, there was never any question in anyone's mind that each magazine was intended as a propaganda tool for the government issuing it. A few years later, ''The USSR'' changed its name to ''Soviet Life''. While never a blatant Soviet propaganda tool, ''Soviet Life'' did hew to the government line. Yet it sought to present an informed view of Russian culture, history, scientific achievements and the various peoples inhabiting the biggest country on earth. Under the terms of the inter-governmental agreement, the subscription levels of both magazines were restricted for many years to around 30,000. In the late 1980s, with political and economic reform in the Soviet Union, there was a surge of interest in Soviet Life -- readership rose to over 50,000. In December 1991, the Soviet Union signed itself out of existence and, subsequently, the Russian government could not find the money to finance production of ''Soviet Life''. The last issue of ''Soviet Life'' was published in December 1991. Just over one year later, in early 1993, through an agreement between Novosti (the government press Agency) and Rich Frontier Publishing, ''Soviet Life'' was reborn as ''Russian Life''. The magazine was re-initiated as a bimonthly (whereas previously ''Soviet Life'' had been a monthly magazine) and continued in that fashion, albeit with a sporadic publishing timetable, due to funding difficulties. In July 1995, the privately owned Vermont company, Russian Information Services, Inc., purchased all rights to ''Russian Life''. Initially published as a monthly, the magazine soon settled into a more realistic publishing schedule, coming out every other month, six times per year. RIS has published well over 100 issues of ''Russian Life'' since 1995. Today the magazine is a 64-page color bimonthly magazine, full of stories of Russian culture, history and life in the world's largest country. It celebrated its 55th anniversary in October 2011. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian Life」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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